CPE/EE 421 Microcomputers

CPE/EE 421 Microcomputers

LAB MANUAL

Testing the environment

Test programs:

LCD.REC
KEYPAD.REC

Testing procedure:

Double click on "Shortcut to Serial Connection to 68000 Educational Trainer.ht" to start communication with emulation board.
If you have error message "Unable to open COM1" on Hyper Terminal, click on "Disconnect" and then "Connect" icon and press <Enter> after that to re-astablish connection.
Type LO1<Enter>
From HT menu select Transfer/Send Text File
Select "C:\Test_File\lcd.rec" or "C:\Test_File\keypad.rec" and Open the file
Type GO<Enter>
LCD test will generate a sequence of messages, use keypad to test keyboard and control characters displayed in HT window.
Cancel test by pushing RED switch on EVM board.
If you find any errors, change your workstation and send a mail with brief explanation to jovanov@ece.uah.edu or elsaidm@ece.uah.edu.

Using X68K cross-assembler

This cross-assembler takes as its input an ASCII text file and produces a binary file. The source file MUST have the extension '.X68' in order for the cross-assembler to recognize it. The binary file generated by the cross-assembler has the same name as the source file but with the extension ".BIN".

The cross-assembler is run by entering command

X68K <filename>

at the MS-DOS Command Prompt.

For example, to cross-assemble TEST.X68, you enter

X68K TEST

(Remember: you must omit the .X68 extension!)

If we wish to produce a listing file as well as a binary file, we append the suffix -L

X68K <filename> -L

This command produces two files: .BIN and .LIS

After you've done with cross-assembler and if you don't have any errors, you have to create an S-record file, using command:

S68K <filename>

This command will produce the file with the extension .REC; this file is going to be the input file for your 68000 Educational Trainer.

Now you can start program called 'Serial Connection to 68000 Education Trainer.' (We are assuming that you have already plugged in your power source and checked that the board serial cable is connected to the PC.)

When you see the prompt 'TUTOR 1.3 >' you can start entering commands.

First of all, you have to download your program. At the prompt type the command (using upper case!)

LO1

Select 'Transfer->Send Text File' from the main menu of your serial connection application.
Find your *.REC file and click Open.
(Note that the default extension for the Hyper Terminal program (which is used as a serial connection client) is *.txt. Be sure that you change this to *.*. Otherwise you will not be able to see your *.REC file.)

When you see the prompt 'TUTOR 1.3 >' download is complete and you can start your program by entering the command

GO <address>

where the <address> is the hex number denoting the starting address of your program.

Additional commands

Before and after starting your program, you can use some additional commands to display or change the content of your memory, registers, etc. Also, you can trace through your program or you can set breakpoints. You will need following commands:

MD <address>	displays memory contents of 16 consecutive bytes in a hex format starting from the <address>
DF	shows all registers and the next instruction
.D0	displays register D0
.PC	displays program counter
.<register> <value>	to modify the register
MS <address> <value>	to set the memory at the <address> to <value>
TR	trace command; permits the execution of a single instruction at a time
BR <address>	to place the break point at the location specified by <address>; to resume execution after a break point, you have to enter TR to step past, followed by GO to run the program.

Embedded Development Environment - C Programming

Create new project: Project -> New

Type the name of the new project and click OK

Select file(s) you want to add to the project (press CTRL and click on all files)

After selecting all the files, click Add and then OK

Now, you have to open one of your *.C files. Use File->Open command and find your file(s)

Check if required options are properly set:

o Select EDE->Linker/Formatter Options

o Select first tab: Format

o Select HEX file for downloading and PROM (.REC)

o Select fourth tab: Locator

o Check Read locator commands from user file (instead of <project>.lc)

o Click OK

Using Project->Properties you can set Working Directory and other properties for your project

Build (or rebuild) your project: Project->Build (or Rebuild, especially if you only changed project options, without changing the code)

Your .REC file will be located in the Working Directory, as specified earlier. The name of this file will correspond to the name of your project

File .ERR will contain list of errors (if any)

You can now follow the same procedure for downloading .REC file as before

Using CrossView Pro68K debugger

For C debugging set:

Linker/Formatter Options,

"IEEE 695 for CrossView Pro Debugger (.ABS)"
"Include debug information"
"Give A-5 relative global variables"

start debugger "Project/Debug", select "File->Load Symbolic Debug Info", and set:

File: "X:\path\filename.ABS"
Code address bias: "0x2000"
check: "Target reset"
check: "Goto main"
check: "C++ name demangling", if appropriate

Click on SRC icon and select your source file in Module window.
set breakpoints in source file by choosing by clicking on green lights at the beginning of line of source code. It will become red when you set breakpoint.
Choose START, GO, STEP OVER or STEP for your execution.
You can examine the content of registers and memory in separate windows, choose

View/{Register, Data, Memory, etc.}

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